Glossotermes oculatus Emerson, 1950 眼显舌白蚁

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1. Structure and function of defensive glands in soldiers of Glossotermes oculatus (Isoptera: Serritermitidae)

   Jan Šobotník, Thomas Bourguignon, Robert Hanus, Frantíšek Weyda, Yves Roisin · 2010 · Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

   摘要

   The soldier caste represents the most conspicuous realization of termite eusociality, characterized by an extreme anatomical, behavioural, and physiological specialization. Numerous strategies have evolved in soldiers, including extreme adaptations such as self-sacrifice by autothysis. In the present study, we investigated the structure and function of defensive glands in Glossotermes oculatus soldiers aiming to understand their use in combat. Three glands are involved in defence: labral, frontal, and labial glands. Mandibles are used to bite the enemy, whereas the secretions of labral and labial glands are discharged into the wound. A striking characteristic of G. oculatus is the lack of the frontal pore; the secretion of the frontal gland is discharged by a rupture of the body wall. We hypothesized that this self-sacrifice is an efficient way of blocking a gallery under attack. A similar development of the frontal gland occurs in Serritermes serrifer, which supports the close relationship between the two genera inferred from morphological and genetic analyses.

2. Nonadecadienone, a New Termite Trail-Following Pheromone Identified in Glossotermes oculatus (Serritermitidae)

   Robert Hanus, Jan Šobotník, Jana Krasulová, Pavel Jiroš, Petr Žáček, Blanka Kalinová, Klára Dolejšová, Josef Cvačka, Thomas Bourguignon, Yves Roisin, MJ Lacey, David Sillam‐Dussès et al. · 2011 · Chemical Senses

   摘要

   Within the multitude of chemical signals used by termites, the trail marking by means of pheromones is ubiquitous. Chemistry and biology of the trail-following communication have been described in more than 60 species from all families except for the Neotropical Serritermitidae. The chemical ecology of Serritermitidae is of special interest not only as a missing piece of knowledge on the diversity and evolution of isopteran pheromones but also because it may contribute to the debate on the phylogenetic position of this family, which is still unresolved. Therefore, we aimed in this study to identify the trail-following pheromone of the serritermitid Glossotermes oculatus. Based on a combined approach of analytical chemistry, electrophysiology, and behavioral bioassays, we propose (10Z,13Z)-nonadeca-10,13-dien-2-one to be the trail-following pheromone of G. oculatus, secreted by the sternal gland of pseudergates. Thus, we report on a new termite trail-following pheromone of an unexpected chemical structure, a ketone with 19 carbons, contrasting with unsaturated alcohols containing 12 carbons as trail-following pheromones in other advanced termite families. In addition to this unique trail-following pheromone, we also describe the sternal gland in pseudergates as an organ of unusual shape, size, and structure when compared with other isopteran species. These results underline the peculiarity of the family Serritermitidae and prompt our interest in the chemistry of pheromones in the other genus of the family, Serritermes.

3. Identification of a new termite trail-following pheromone, nonadecadienone, in Glossotermes oculatus (Serritermitidae)

   Jana Krasulová, R. (Robert) Hanus, J. (Jan) Šobotník, P. (Petr) Žáček, P. (Pavel) Jiroš, B. (Blanka) Kalinová, I. (Irena) Valterová, M. J. Lacey et al. · 2012 · ASEP

   摘要

   Detail záznamu - Identification of a new termite trail-following pheromone, nonadecadienone, in Glossotermes oculatus (Serritermitidae) - Detailní zobrazení záznamu - Knihovna Akademie věd České republiky

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