Isognathotermes modicus Josens & Deligne, 2025 中等等颚白蚁

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1. An integrative revision of the genus Isognathotermes (Termitidae: Cubitermitinae) with description of seven new species and four new subspecies

   Guy Josens, Jean Deligne, Myriam Harry, Virginie Roy, Pierre Dieudonné Akama, Ténon Coulibaly, Kanvaly Dosso, Georg Goergen, Michel Hasson, Patrick Kasangij a Kasangij, Carmel Kifukieto, Bruno Pierre Le Ru et al. · 2025 · European Journal of Taxonomy

   摘要

   Cubitermitinae species whose workers have enteric valves of the fungifaber and finitimus patterns were previously gathered into the genus Isognathotermes. Here, we revise this genus, combining the morphological and anatomical features of all castes, as well as the species’ chorological, ecological, and phylogenetic (mitogenome) characteristics in an integrative taxonomic approach. In addition to the genetic signature, the best morphological criteria for generic recognition are found in the workers’ EVA (enteric valve architecture) and the spinosity of the fore coxae of the workers, and the best criteria for specific recognition are found in (a) the valve and caecum of the workers, (b) the caecum, dimensions of the head, and curvature of the mandibles of the soldiers, and (c) the dimensions of the head and the relative dimensions of eyes and ocelli of the imagines. After revision, only eight of the 22 known taxa remain valid, 14 known taxa become junior synonyms, and one is considered as incertae sedis; six new morphologically recognizable species, one cryptic species and four new subspecies are described. The mitogenome of 12 out of the 15 valid species have been sequenced. The following described species are considered valid: I. bulbifrons (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. finitimus (Schmitz, 1916), I. fungifaber (Sjöstedt, 1896), I. minitabundus (Sjöstedt, 1913), I. planifrons (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. severus (Silvestri, 1914), I. ugandensis (Fuller, 1923) and I. zenkeri (Desneux, 1904). The following species are described as new: I. acristatus Josens & Deligne sp. nov., I. modicus Josens & Deligne sp. nov., I. magniplanifrons Josens & Deligne sp. nov., I. phallicaecalis Josens & Deligne sp. nov., I. phalloides Josens & Deligne sp. nov., I. rectimalatus Josens & Deligne sp. nov., and I. similifinitimus Josens & Deligne sp. nov. Four new subspecies of I. ugandensis are recognized: I. ugandensis burundii Josens & Deligne subsp. nov., I. ugandensis kenyae Josens & Deligne subsp. nov., I. ugandensis malawii Josens & Deligne subsp. nov., and I. ugandensis ugandensis Josens & Deligne subsp. nov. The following species are considered junior synonyms: I. antennalis (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. banksi (Emerson, 1928), I. comstocki (Emerson, 1928), I. fungifaber var. elongata (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. gaigei (Emerson, 1928), I. gibbifrons (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. heghi (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. kemneri (Emerson, 1928), I. loubetsiensis (Sjöstedt, 1924), I. modestior (Silvestri, 1914), I. schmidti (Emerson, 1928), I. silvestrii (Sjöstedt, 1925), I. speciosus (Sjöstedt, 1924), and I. subarquatus (Sjöstedt, 1926). Are considered as incertae sedis: I. bredoi (nomen nudum), I. congoensis (Emerson, 1928), an “I. aff. planifrons” (undescribed), and an unknown Isognathotermes from Malawi (undescribed). GenBank accessions: see Suppl. file 3 and ‘Material examined’ of each chapter.

2. Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso

   Aïchatou Nadia Christelle Dao, Fernand Sankara, Mouhamadou Moustapha Ndiaye, A. N'Diaye, Salimata Pousga, Irénée Somda, Marc Kenis et al. · 2025 · Insects

   摘要

   The aim of the study was to assess the diversity of termites used in poultry feed in Burkina Faso. Termite samples were collected in eight of the thirteen regions of the country by poultry farmers, then conserved in 70° alcohol. The criteria used by poultry farmers for identifying the termite were also characterised and discussed with farmers in a village where the use of termites as poultry feed is well developed. Morphological identifications were carried out in the laboratory. Twenty species were identified in two families, six subfamilies, and thirteen genera. In the Heterotermitidae family, a single species belonging to the Coptotermitinae subfamily was identified. The rest belonged to the family Termitidae and the subfamilies Amitermitinae, Microcerotermitinae, Macrotermitinae, Nasutitermitinae, and Cubitermitinae. Three species, Microcerotermes fuscotibialis, Megagnathotermes notandus, and Isognathotermes fungifaber, were found for the first time in Burkina Faso. The largest number of species (eleven) was collected in the Cascades region. Poultry farmers are able to recognise eight genera of termites by the shape, size, and colour of the termites; by the termite mounds; and often by the location of the nest. These results may facilitate the promotion of the use of termites as poultry feed in Burkina Faso and West Africa.

3. Phylogeny and revision of the ‘ Cubitermes complex’ termites ( Termitidae : Cubitermitinae )

   Simon Hellemans, Jean Deligne, Yves Roisin, Guy Josens · 2021 · Systematic Entomology

   摘要

   The phylogeny of the genus Cubitermes Wasmann was reconstructed using two mitochondrial genes ( COI and COII ) and a fragment of the nuclear 28S rDNA, including samples of Apilitermes Holmgren, Crenetermes Silvestri, Megagnathotermes Silvestri and Thoracotermes Wasmann. Based on our analyses, we recovered these genera within a paraphyletic Cubitermes clade. Cubitermes species are distributed between five main clades, highly reflective of their enteric valve armatures (EVAs). Consequently, Cubitermes is here divided into five monophyletic genera based on phylogenetic analyses and EVAs: Cubitermes ( sensu stricto ), Isognathotermes Sjöstedt, Nitiditermes Emerson, Polyspathotermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n., and Ternicubitermes Josens & Deligne, gen.n. Moreover, the two species of Megagnathotermes included in this study, exhibiting different EVAs, are phylogenetically distant: M. katangensis Sjöstedt belongs in the genus Polyspathotermes, while M. notandus Silvestri remains as a monotypic genus. During the evolution of the Cubitermes complex, sclerotized EVA spatulae appeared twice independently: three or six spatulae in Polyspathotermes ( sulcifrons and oblectatus patterns) and two jaw‐like spatulae in Nitiditermes ( sankurensis pattern), which is absent in some species ( oculatus pattern). Zoobank registration: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:576AAFF8‐63C6‐4962‐A8F5‐75C9317AEA7B.

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