Mapinguaritermes peruanus Holmgren, 1906 秘鲁红懒白蚁

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1. Mapinguaritermes marizalensis Lucena, Cysneiros & Vasconcellos 2026, sp. nov.

   Emanuelly Félix De Lucena, GUSTAVO CYSNEIROS, Rozzanna Esther Cavalcanti Reis De Figueiredo, M Rocha, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Carlos A. Peres, Alexandre Vasconcellos et al. · 2026 ·

   Abstract

   Mapinguaritermes marizalensis Lucena, Cysneiros & Vasconcellos, sp. nov. Holotype. Soldier from lot CTUFPB-13297, in a separate vial with the remaining sample, 23.VI.2022, E. Lucena coll. Type locality. Municipality of Carauari, Marizal Community (4°48’56.26”S, 66°37’26.27”W) Amazonas, Brazil. Paratypes. BRAZIL. Amazonas. Carauari: 23. VI.2022 (4°48’56.26”S, 66°37’26.27”W), E.F. Lucena coll., 7 soldiers, 21 workers (CTUFPB-13297); 29. VI.2022 (4°50’60.00’’S, 66°36’50.70’’W), E.F. Lucena coll., 3 soldiers, 18 workers (CTUFPB-13298). Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by a soldier head that is conspicuously larger and more sub-rectangular than those of the other two known species of the genus, with larger and more robust mandibles. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Marizal Community. This community is located on the riverbank of a Juruá River tributary in the municipality of Carauari, Amazonas, Brazil. The residents of Marizal were very welcoming and supportive of our fieldwork, making our experience especially rewarding. Imago. Unknown. Soldier (Fig. 2–4, Figure S1). Monomorphic. Head. Head capsule oval. Head pilosity variable (Fig. 2A, 3A), generally with few hairs and bristles sparse over the entire surface, extending onto the basal half of frontal tube (Fig. 2A). Frontal tube conical, in lateral view, less than half of total head capsule length. In dorsal view, shorter than mandibles in rest position; ventral surface often bearing numerous hairs, though their number varies among individuals (Fig. 2B, Supplementary Material, Figure S1). Antennae with 14 articles, 2 4=5. Labrum variable in shape, size and hyaline tip; in general, without well-marked angles; anterior margin hyaline, with distinct, flat and continuous tip, sometimes reaching almost half of the labrum length (Fig. 4). Postmentum with concave sides and sinuous lateral margins (Fig. 3B). Mandibles. Mandibles symmetrical; apical teeth robust and strongly arched; with well-developed acute marginal teeth; molar region reduced (Fig. 2B). Thorax. Pronotum with lateral lobes well projected and angular (Fig. 3C); anterior lobe covered with long, sparse bristles. Lateral and posterior margins of the posterior lobe bear a few scattered bristles, variable in number among individuals. Mesonotum with lateral margins rounded or slightly angular (sometimes asymmetrical between sides). Long bristles present on the lateral and posterior margins of the mesonotum and metanotum. Coxae and femur with long, sparse bristles. Protibia with long bristles and a few shorter, thicker bristles (sometimes resembling spine-like bristles) in the inner margin, variable in size (Fig. 3D, E). Abdomen. Tergites covered with long bristles of various sizes, predominantly long, and with hairs on the posterior tergites. Sternites covered with hairs and bristles of various lengths, the longest ones occurring on the posterior margins (Fig. 3A). Measurements (in millimeters) were taken from 10 soldiers: LHR: 3.54–4.06 (mean: 3.82); LFT: 1.39–1.79 (mean: 1.65); LHLBM: 2.62–2.79 (mean 2.69); WHmax: 2.36–2.62 (mean 2.52); WP: 1.23–1.38 (mean 1.29); LpT: 1.26–1.39 (mean 1.31). Worker (Fig. 5–6). Monomorphic. Head. Head capsule rounded, pale yellow, bearing sparse bristles; head pilosity may vary considerably among specimens. Fontanelle oval to circular or inconspicuous (Fig. 5A), variable in size, generally forming a conspicuous lump visible in lateral view (Fig. 5B). Antennae with 14 articles. Postclypeus slightly inflated; pilosity variable, ranging from a few bristles with no hairs in some individuals to numerous bristles of varying sizes and scattered hairs in others. Mandibles. As described for the genus (Rocha et al. 2012). Left mandible: apical tooth larger than, or equal to M1+2; edge between M1+2 and M3 straight and well-defined; M3 approximately half width of M1+2; molar tooth partially hidden by molar prominence in dorsal view. Right mandible: apical tooth larger than M1; M2 about three times smaller than M1; both molar prominence and molar plate convex (Fig. 6). Thorax. Pilosity of pro-, meso- and metanotum is similar of the soldier, but with shorter and thinner bristles. Legs pilosity as in the soldier, but with shorter and finer bristles (Fig. 5C). Abdomen. Abdomen oval and translucent. Pilosity similar to that described for the genus: tergites bearing several bristles, with hairs on the posterior ones (as in the soldier), sternites with short bristles and hairs, and longer bristles along the posterior margin (Fig. 5C). Measurements (in millimeters) were taken from 40 workers: LHLBM: 1.00–1.12 (mean 1.06); WHmax: 1.21–1.36 (mean 1.31); LpT: 0.90–1.09 (mean 1.01); LhT: 1.26–1.45 (mean 1.35); WpT: 0.14–0.21 (mean 0.17); RPT: 0.13–0.20 (mean 0.17). Digestive tube (Fig. 7–8). Gizzard. Columnar belt with 24 visible folds: six first-order, six second-order, and 12 third-order folds. Pulvilli I (major) well ornamented with conspicuous spines of variable size (Fig. 8A, B). Two pairs of Malpighian tubules arise at proximal part of mixed segment (see Fig. 15A in Rocha et al. (2012)). Mesenteric tongue. Proximal region narrow, gradually widening distally into an oval shape, lying over the dilated portion of P1. P1. Large, fusiform, and diagonal to body axis, beginning without constrictions. Ornamentation as described for M. peruanus in Rocha & Constantini (2015): a central ridge pattern characterized by a longitudinal row of stout spines surrounded by robust spines; ornaments are concentrated laterally to the mesenteric tongue (Fig. 8D). In addition to this longitudinal row, there is a column of robust spines extending from the proximal to the distal region of P1, close to the EV (Fig. 8C). Enteric valve as described for the genus: not radial, consisting of three cushions slightly lobed at apex, all ornamented with thin, curved spines; inter-cushion regions bearing short, straight, robust spines (Fig. 8F). P3 segment. Slightly constricted between P3a and P3b; P3a, in dorsal view, forms a closed, inverted “U” turn, not always conspicuous across all individuals (Fig. 8A). Isthmus elongated, diagonal to the body axis, and inserted apically into P4. P4 segment. Large, P4a forming a “U-turn”, P4b tubular (Fig. 7A, C). Biology. The specimens were found in upland (terra firme) forest within a region surrounded by igapó forests. One of the samples was collected in dead wood, with colonies of Nasutitermes, Cornitermes and Apicotermitinae. Comparisons. Mapinguaritermes marizalensis sp. nov. soldier has a much larger head, a frontal tube proportionally smaller, and shorter and more robust mandibles than the two other species within the genus (M. peruanus and M. grandidens; Fig. 2). The worker mandible and gut morphology share all traits of their congeneric species, and the size of workers is similar among the species. In addition, the new species has soldiers with a more subrectangular head capsule, differing from the congeneric species, which have a more subsquare/oval shape. The soldier mandibles, in addition to being more robust, lack sharp teeth and form an angle between the marginal and apical teeth smaller than in congeneric species (Fig. 2; Supplementary Material, Figure S1).

2. Mapinguaritermes marizalensis, a new species of Syntermitinae (Blattodea, Termitidae) from Brazilian Amazon

   Emanuelly Félix De Lucena, GUSTAVO CYSNEIROS, Rozzanna Esther Cavalcanti Reis De Figueiredo, Mauricio M. Rocha, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Carlos A. Peres, Alexandre Vasconcellos et al. · 2026 · Zootaxa

   Abstract

   In this study, Mapinguaritermes marizalensis sp. nov. (Termitidae: Syntermitinae) is described based on external and internal morphological characters of workers and soldiers, as well as molecular data. The new species was collected in the Juruá River basin, central Brazilian Amazonia, and can be readily distinguished from the other congeners, M. peruanus and M. grandidens, by the soldiers’ conspicuously larger and subrectangular head capsules, as well as shorter and more robust mandibles. However, it shares several characteristics of the gut, such as the ornamentation of the crop, P1 and the enteric valve, with its congeners. Molecular data (COII gen) were used to consolidate the phylogenetic placement of the species within the subfamily.

3. New records of termites (Blattodea: Termitidae: Syntermitinae) from Colombia

   Olga Patricia Pinzón, Daniel Castro · 2018 · Journal of Threatened Taxa

   Abstract

   Eight species of termite from the Amazon and Orinoquia regions, belonging to four genera of the subfamily Syntermitinae, are recorded for the first time in Colombia. The species are Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar, 1832), Cornitermes pilosus Holmgren, 1906, Cornitermes ovatus Emerson, 1952, Cornitermes snyderi Emerson, 1952, Mapinguaritermes peruanus (Holmgren, 1906), Rhynchotermes amazonensis Constantini & Cancello, 2016, Rhynchotermes perarmatus (Snyder, 1925), and Uncitermes teevani (Emerson, 1925). Diagnostic characteristics and geographic distributions for the recorded species are provided, with detailed photographs of the soldier caste. The diversity and distribution of indigenous termite species in Colombia are documented.

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